Overview
A sighted learner scans a table and instantly understands which column heading applies to which cell. A screen reader can't do that automatically, it needs the header row explicitly marked as headers, not just cells that happen to look bold or sit at the top. Without that, a screen reader reads the numbers in order with no indication of what any of them actually represent.
Step-by-step instructions
- 1
Find the table block in your lesson.
- 2
Confirm the top row (or leftmost column, if that's where your labels are) is genuinely set as a header row, not just styled to look like one.
- 3
Check that every header cell has real, descriptive text, not blank or placeholder content.
- 4
If your table currently exists only as a pasted-in image, rebuild it as a real table block instead, an image of a table can't be read as structured data no matter what alt text is added.
- 5
Keep the table as simple as you reasonably can, merged cells and deeply nested headers are hard for a screen reader to describe clearly even when correctly marked up.
Screenshots
Tips
- If a table only needs to convey one or two facts, consider whether a sentence would communicate it more clearly than a table at all.
- Keep column headers short and specific, a header that wraps across two lines is harder to follow when read aloud.
- Test it yourself: turn on a screen reader and listen to the table read aloud, if you can't follow what each number means by ear alone, a learner won't either.
Common mistakes
- A table pasted in as an image, with no real table structure behind it at all.
- A header row that's bold and centered to look like a heading, but isn't actually marked as one.
- Overly complex tables with merged cells that are hard to describe in a linear, read-aloud order.
Why it matters
Without marked headers, a screen reader just reads cell contents in order, with no way to say which row or column they're in.
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